Basic Concepts
"Software Configuration Management´Â ÁÖ¾îÁø ½ÃÁ¡¿¡¼ softwareÀÇ configuration(i.e., selected software work products and their descriptions)À» identifyÇϸç, configurationÀÇ º¯°æ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ½Ã½ºÅÛÀûÀ¸·Î controllÇϸç, software lifecycle¿¡ °ÉÃÄ configurationÀÇ integrity¿Í traceability¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù. SCMÀ» ÅëÇÑ work productµéÀº °í°´¿¡°Ô Àü´ÞµÉ software product(e.g., the software requirements document and the code)µé°ú ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ software productµéÀ» ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ ¿ä±¸µÇ°Å³ª identifiedµÈ item (e.g., compiler)µéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù." [Paulk 93].
SCMÀº software productÀ» Àü°³ÇÏ´Â »óÅ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ visibility¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.
SCMÀº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ±â´ÉÀûÀÎ ¿µ¿ªµé·Î ³ª´©¾î Áø´Ù.
: Identification, Change Control, Status Accounting, and Audit.
Figure Software Configuration Management
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- Configuration Identification
IdentificationÀº software systemÀÇ ±¸Á¶¸¦ identifyÇϸç, individual componentµéÀ» uniqueÇÏ°Ô identifyÇϸç, ¾î¶² form¿¡ µû¶ó ±×µéÀ» accessÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. IdentificationÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥´Â lifecycle¿¡ °ÉÃÄ system componentµéÀ» identifyÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß Çϸç, software¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ software productµé »çÀÌÀÇ traceability¸¦ Á¦°øÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
¾Æ·¡ ±×¸²Àº softwareÀÇ ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¸í¼¼¸¦ º°°³ÀÇ ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °¢ componentµéÀ» uniqueÇÏ°Ô identifyÇÏ´Â numbering schemeÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÑ´Ù.
Figure Software Configuration Identification Hierarchy
- Change Control
Configuration Change ControlÀº Àü software lifecycle¿¡ °ÉÃÄ software productµéÀÇ release¿Í º¯°æÀ» Á¦¾îÇÑ´Ù. throughout the software lifecycle. Change ControlÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥´Â ÁúÁÁÀº software¸¦ »ý»êÇϱâÀ§ÇÑ mechanismµéÀ» ¼¼¿ì±â À§ÇÔÀÌ´Ù. generic change process°¡ ¾Æ·¡ ±×¸²¿¡ identifyµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
Figure Generic Change Process
baselineÀº SCMÀÇ Çٽɰ³³äÀÌ´Ù. baselineÀº ¡°°ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î reviewµÇ°í µ¿ÀÇµÈ ½ºÆåÀ̳ª Á¦Ç°À» ÀÏÄÃÀ¸¸ç, ±×¶§ºÎÅÍ ´õ ³ªÀº °³¹ßÀÇ ±âÃʸ¦ Á¦°øÇϸç, °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ º¯°æÀýÂ÷¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ¸¸ º¯°æµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¡± [IEEE 90]. itemÀÌ baselineµÇ¸é itemÀº °íÁ¤µÇ¸ç, ¿ÀÁ÷ »õ·Î¿î ¹öÀüÀ» createÇÔÀ¸·Î½á¸¸ º¯°æµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
- Configuration Status Accounting
Configuration Status AccountingÀº change processÀÇ recording°ú reportingÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. status accountingÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥´Â baseline³»ÀÇ ¸ðµç itemµéÀÇ status record¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, Àü software lifecycle¿¡ °ÉÃÄ baselineÀÇ ¸ðµç º¯°æÀÇ traceability¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
- Configuration Audit
Configuration Audit´Â software productÀÌ requirements, standards, or contractual agreement¿¡ µû¶ó builtµÇ¾ú´ÂÁö¸¦ verifyÇÑ´Ù. Test reports and documentation´Â software°¡ ±â¼úµÈ ¿ä±¸ºÐ¼®°ú Ãæµ¹ÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ verifyÇϴµ¥ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. Configuration AuditÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥´Â ¸ðµç software product°¡ ¿Ã¹Ù¸£°Ô produceµÇ°í, identifyµÇ°í, describeµÇ´ÂÁö¿Í ¸ðµç º¯°æ ¿ä±¸°¡ ÇØ°áµÇ¾ú´ÂÁö¸¦ verifyÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ºñ°ø½ÄÀûÀÎ auditµéÀº software lifecycleÀÇ ÇÙ½ÉÀý¿¡¼ ¼öÇàµÈ´Ù. °í°´¿¡°Ô diliverµÇ±âÀü¿¡ ¼öÇàµÉ °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ audit´Â µÎ°¡Áö typeÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
Functional Configuration Audit (FCA)
Physical Configuration Audit (PCA)
FCA´Â System Requirements Specification and the Interface Requirements Specification¿¡ ±â¼úµÈ software ¿ä±¸»çÇ×À» ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¸¸Á·ÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ verifyÇÑ´Ù. PCA´Â design and reference documentµéÀÌ builtµÈ software¸¦ Á¦´ë·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
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